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Al-Jazari (1136-1206) was a polymath: a scholar, inventor, mechanical engineer, artisan, artist and mathematician from the Artuqid Dynasty of Jazira in Mesopotamia. He is best known for writing The Book of Knowledge of Ingenious Mechanical Devices in 1206, where he described 50 mechanical devices, along with instructions on how to construct them. He is credited with the invention of the elephant clock (see illustration below). He has been described as the "father of robotics" and modern day engineering (Source: Wikipedia).
A digital version of the book can be found online here, but there seem to be errors either in translation or digitalization.
A digital version of the book can be found online here, but there seem to be errors either in translation or digitalization.
The background image used on this website is from the poster for "The Extraordinary Machines of Jazari" exhibition by the Cezeri Museum in Istanbul.